Riscos Psicossociais Relacionados ao Trabalho: Perspectivas Teóricas e Conceituais
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21772/ripo.v37n1a04Palabras clave:
Riscos psicossociais no trabalho, Fatores psicossociais, Riscos psicossociais ocupacionais, Saúde e Segurança no Trabalho.Resumen
Riscos psicossociais no trabalho são discutidos sob diferentes nomenclaturas, tais como fatores psicossociais, fatores de riscos psicossociais, estressores e aspectos psicossociais. O objetivo desta revisão é analisar criticamente os aspectos teóricos e conceituais que sustentam as diferentes denominações para riscos psicossociais relacionados ao trabalho. Foram selecionados 64 artigos para composição desta revisão, publicados entre os anos de 2006-2016, nas bases Scopus e Web of Science. Em função dos termos serem descritos indistintamente na literatura, não há uma clara definição de quais fatores são considerados riscos psicossociais ocupacionais. Este cenário afeta a maneira como se compreendem os riscos psicossociais no trabalho, tornando-os de difícil definição e avaliação. O construto riscos psicossociais ainda é um conceito ambíguo e precisa ser melhor operacionalizado em suas facetas e na legislação em Saúde e Segurança do Trabalho. Salienta-se a necessidade de um aperfeiçoamento do conceito de riscos psicossociais ocupacionais, pouco explorado na literatura.
AbstractPsychosocial risks at work are discussed under different terminologies – psychosocial factors, psychosocial risk factors, psychosocial stressors and aspects. The objective of this review is to critically analyze the theoretical and conceptual aspects that support the different denominations for psychosocial risks. For this review, 64 publications were selected, published from the years of 2006 to 2016, on Scopus and Web of Science databases. Since psychosocial risks are described by different terms, indiscriminately, there is a lack of definition about which factors are actually considered occupational psychosocial risks. This scenario affects how psychosocial risks at work are understood, making it harder to define and measure them. Psychosocial risks at work require more theoretical and operational definitions, and more support from Occupational Safety and Health laws. The construct of psychosocial risks is still an ambiguous concept and needs to be better operationalized in its facets and legislation on Occupational Health and Safety. It is necessary to improve the concept of occupational psychosocial risks, little explored in the literature.
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